Hydrography predicts changes over time primarily for which purpose?

Hydrography primarily focuses on the measurement and description of the physical features of bodies of water, including their depths, tides, and currents. One of the most crucial purposes of hydrographic surveys is to ensure the safety of navigation. By predicting changes in water levels, currents, and seabed topography over time, hydrographic surveys provide essential data to navigators and maritime authorities. This information helps in updating nautical charts, which are vital for safe passage of vessels, especially in coastal and congested waters where underwater hazards may pose risks to navigation.

Although other options, such as political strategies, hydroelectric power development, and marine sport activities, may benefit from hydrographic data, they do not represent the primary purpose of hydrographic studies. The safety of navigation remains paramount, as it directly impacts maritime safety and the prevention of accidents at sea. Thus, the correct answer highlights the fundamental role that hydrography plays in safeguarding maritime operations.