Which term refers to the study of temperature, salinity, and chemical content of water?

The study of temperature, salinity, and chemical content of water is best described by the term "Oceanology." Oceanology encompasses various aspects related to the ocean, including the physical and chemical properties of seawater. This field focuses on understanding how these properties affect marine ecosystems and ocean dynamics.

In contrast, hydrography is primarily concerned with measuring and describing the physical features of bodies of water, including depth and the shape of the seabed, rather than the chemical composition or temperature of the water itself. Climatology focuses more on the climate, including atmospheric conditions and their long-term patterns, rather than specific water properties. Geology pertains to the study of the Earth, its materials, and processes, and does not directly involve the study of water properties in the context outlined in the question. Therefore, oceanology is the most appropriate term to describe the multi-faceted study of temperature, salinity, and water chemistry.