Which term refers to the highest expected water level?

The term that refers to the highest expected water level is known as the Highest Astronomical Tide. This measurement represents the maximum water level that is anticipated to occur due to the effects of gravitational forces from the moon and sun, as well as atmospheric pressure variations and wind. The Highest Astronomical Tide is crucial for maritime navigation, coastal engineering, and flood risk assessment because it establishes a benchmark for the highest sea level that can be expected under normal astronomical conditions.

Understanding this term is important for surveyors and those working in coastal and marine environments, as it informs various operational and planning considerations. For instance, knowledge of the Highest Astronomical Tide helps in determining safe mooring heights for vessels and designing coastal structures to withstand potential flooding or storm surges. Additionally, it assists in tidal analysis and the development of charts that guide maritime traffic.